RANK

   KYU: Grade - A rank designation for under black belt.

           DAN: Degree - A rank designation for first to tenth degree black belt.

           YUDANSHA: Black belt holder - A title designating rank of first to tenth degree black belt.

           MUDANSHA: Kyu grade - coloured belt                                                                                 

                           POSITION

           DESHI: Disciple or trainee - A student regardless of rank.

           KOHAI: Junior - A beginning student.

           SENPAI: Senior - A title given to brown belts if no black belts are present.

   SENSEI: Teacher or instructor - A black belt qualified to teach.

   SHIHAN: Master teacher - Instructor of very high rank, sixth degree or above.

                        TITLE (Not all receive titles)

           TASHI: Expert - A third or fourth degree black belt.

           RENSHI: Polished expert - A fifth or sixth degree black belt.

           KYOSHI: Expert instructor - A sixth or seventh degree black belt.

           HANSHI: Master - A respected master of eighth to tenth degree black belt.

                           HONOURS

           O'SENSEI: Great instructor - Highest master within a system.

           KAICHO: Master of the house - Senior master of a system.

           MEIJIN: Expert - One who has mastered an art beyond the boundaries of physical prowess.

           MENKYO-KAIDEN: A certificate of full proficiency in a Japanese martial art.

                         ORDER OF RANKS

           Beginner - white belt

           Rokkyu, 6th kyu - yellow belt

           Gokyu, 5th kyu - blue belt

           Yonkyu, 4th kyu - purple belt

           Sankyu, 3rd kyu - green belt (3rd)

           Nikyu, 2nd kyu - brown belt (2nd)

           Ikkyu, 1st kyu - brown belt (1st)

           BLACK BELTS

           Shodan, 1st degree

           Nidan, 2nd degree

           Sandan, 3rd degree

           Yodan, 4th degree

           Godan, 5th degree

           Rokudan, 6th degree

           Shichidan, 7th degree

           Hachidan, 8th degree

           Kudan, 9th degree

           Judan, 10th degree

                       WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

           Chudan: Middle level

           Chui: Warning

           Deshi: Disciple, trainee

           Dojo: Training hall; gymnasium

           Gedan: Lower level

           Hajime: Start

           Jodan: Upper level

           Kata: Fixed sequence of techniques practiced alone

           Karate Gi: Karate uniform

           Kiai: Method of shouting peculiar to Japanese martial arts

           Kihon: Basic training

           Kihon-Kumite: Basic prearranged sparring

           Kime: Focusing concentration and power

           Kumite: Sparring

           Ma-ai: Distancing

           Mawate: Turn around, or about face

           Makiwara: Punching board

           Osu: Form of greeting peculiar to karatekas in Japan

           Seito: Pupil, student

           Shiai: Contest

           Shobu: Match

           Shomen: Place for dignitaries

           Yame: Stop

           Yoi: Get ready

                      JAPANESE NUMBERS (up to 10)

           Ichi, 1

           Ni, 2

           San, 3

           Shi, 4

           Go, 5

           Roku, 6

           Shichi, 7

           Hachi, 8

           Ku (Kyu), 9

           Ju (Jyu), 10

                       TECHNIQUES & STANCES

           DACHI: STANCE

           Fudo-dachi: Rooted stance

           Heisuko-dachi: Informal Attention stance

           Jiyu-dachi: Free-fighting stance

           Kiba-dachi: Straddle leg stance; aka "Horse stance"

           Kokutsu-dachi: Back stance

           Mae-dachi: Front stance

           Niko Ashi-dachi: Cat stance

           Sanchin-dachi: Hour-glass stance

           Zenkutsu-dachi: Forward stance

           TSUKI-WAZA: PUNCHING TECHNIQUES

           Age-zuki: Rising punch

           Awase-zuki: U punch

           Choku-zuki: Straight punch

           Gyaku-zuki: Reverse punch

           Kagi-zuki: Hook punch

           Kizami-zuki: Jab

           Mawashi-zuki: Roundhouse punch

           Oi-zuki: Lunge punch

           Tate-zuki: Vertical fist punch

           Teisho-zuki: Palm-heel punch

           Ura-zuki: Close punch

           KERI-WAZA: KICKING TECHNIQUES

           Fumikomi: Stamping kick

           Gyaku mawashi-geri: Reverse roundhouse kick

           Mae-geri keage: Front snap kick

           Mae-geri kekomi: Front thrust kick

           Mae-tobi-geri: Jumping front kick

           Mawashi-geri: Roundhouse kick

           Mikazuki-geri: Crescent kick

           Ushiro-geri keage: Back snap kick

           Ushiro-geri kekomi: Back thrust kick

           Yoko-geri keage: Side snap kick

           Yoko-geri kekomi: Side thrust kick

           Yoko-tobi-geri: Jumping side kick

    UCHI-WAZA: STRIKING TECHNIQUES

          Empi-uchi: Elbow strike

            Mawashi empi-uchi: Roundhouse elbow strike

            Otoshi empi-uchi: Downward elbow strike

            Ushiro empi-uchi: Rear elbow strike

            Yoko empi-uchi: Side elbow strike

            Haishu-uchi: Back hand strike

            Haito-uchi: Ridge hand strike

            Koko-uchi: Tiger mouth hand strike

            Shuto-uchi: Knife hand strike